Probability+and+Statistics


 * Probability - A number from 0 to 1 that tells us how likely it is that a certain outcome of an experiment will happen.**

**Statistics - The branch of mathematics concerned with data, or numerical information.**

** Theoretical Probability - A fraction with the number of favorable outcomes of an experiment in the numerator and the total number of possible outcomes of the experiment in the denominator. **

**Probability ** In the real world, events can not be predicted with 100% certainty. The best we can do is say how likely they are to happen, using the concept of probability. When a coin is tossed, there are two possible outcomes: We say that the probability of the coin landing H is 1/2. Similarly, the probability of the coin landing T is 1/2. ||  When a single die is thrown, there are six possible outcomes: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. The probability of throwing any one of these numbers is 1/6. || In general: Probability of an event happening =  ||   || Number of ways it can happen || Total number of outcomes ||  Example: there are 5 marbles in a bag: 3 are red, and 2 are blue. What is the probability that a blue marble will be picked? Number of ways it can happen: 2 (ther are 2 blues) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Total number of outcomes: 5 (there are 5 marbles in total) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">So the probability is 2/5 = **0.4**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 18pt;">How Likely **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">                ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 13.5pt;">Tossing a Coin **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">heads (H) and
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">tails (T).
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 13.5pt;">Throwing Dice **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 18pt;">Probability **